On this page
- Quick Picks: Best eBike Racks for Cars and SUVs in 2026
- 10 Best eBike Racks for Cars and SUVs in 2026
- Which Bike Rack Is Best for a Himiway D5 2.0 20" eBike?
- How to Choose the Best Bike Rack for an Electric Bike
- How to Transport an Electric Bike Safely on a Car Rack
- Frequently Asked Questions About eBike Car Racks

Transporting an electric bike requires more than an ordinary bicycle rack. Electric bikes are generally heavier than traditional bicycles, and many models feature oversized tires, longer wheelbases, and integrated batteries. Choosing the wrong rack can damage your bike, overload your vehicle's hitch, or create serious safety risks during transportation.
The best bike rack for an eBike is usually a heavy-duty, hitch-mounted platform rack with a high per-bike weight capacity, secure wheel or frame attachments, and compatibility with your electric bike's tire size. For particularly heavy eBikes, a loading ramp makes transportation significantly easier.
Among the best options available in the United States in 2026, the Kuat Piston ION stands out for its 100-pound-per-bike capacity and included loading ramp. The Hollywood Racks Sport Rider offers excellent value for heavy fat-tire eBikes, while the 1UP USA Super Duty is a strong choice for riders prioritizing durability and modular construction.
However, no single rack is best for everyone. The right choice depends on your bike's actual transport weight, tire width, wheelbase, vehicle hitch, and whether you need to carry one or two electric bikes.
Quick Picks: Best eBike Racks for Cars and SUVs in 2026
| Bike Rack | Best For | Maximum Weight Per Bike |
|---|---|---|
|
Kuat Piston ION |
Best overall for heavy eBikes |
100 lbs |
|
Hollywood Racks Sport Rider |
Best heavy-duty value |
80 lbs |
|
1UP USA Super Duty |
Best modular construction |
Up to 100 lbs, tray-dependent |
|
Hollywood Racks Destination E |
Best accessible ramp-loading option |
70 lbs |
|
Thule Epos 2 |
Best for unusual frame geometries |
75 lbs |
|
Yakima StageTwo |
Best versatile rack for SUVs |
70 lbs, 2-inch model |
|
Kuat Piston Pro X |
Best luxury rack |
67 lbs, 2-inch model |
|
Yakima OnRamp |
Best alternative for lighter eBikes with ramps |
66 lbs |
|
RockyMounts BackStage |
Best swing-away access |
60 lbs |
|
Thule EasyFold XT 2 |
Best compact folding design |
65 lbs |
Capacities reflect manufacturer specifications for applicable configurations. Some racks have lower ratings with add-ons, smaller receivers, RV use, or off-road driving. Weight capacity alone does not establish bike compatibility.
10 Best eBike Racks for Cars and SUVs in 2026
1. Kuat Piston ION 2-Bike Hitch Rack — Best Overall for Heavy Electric Bikes
Manufacturer-listed price: $1,289 | Weight capacity: 100 lbs per bike
The Kuat Piston ION is one of the most compelling options for transporting large, heavy electric bikes. Designed specifically for eBike transportation, it combines a substantial carrying capacity with premium construction and convenient loading features.
Unlike many standard hitch racks that support only 50–65 pounds per bicycle, the Piston ION is rated for two bikes weighing up to 100 pounds each during approved normal road use.
Key Features:
- 100-pound capacity per bike.
- Fits tires up to 4.8 inches wide.
- Accommodates wheel sizes from 18 to 32 inches.
- Includes an aluminum loading ramp.
- Wheel-only mounting avoids direct frame contact.
- Compatible with selected fender-equipped bikes, subject to fit requirements.
- Designed for a 2-inch hitch receiver.
The included ramp is particularly valuable for riders who cannot comfortably lift a heavy electric bicycle onto a rack.
The Piston ION also provides adjustable wheel chocks, an anti-wobble hitch mechanism, and locking hardware. These features make it particularly appealing for long road trips and frequent bike transportation.
However, the rack has lower capacities under certain conditions: 80 pounds per bike for approved RV use and 50 pounds for approved off-road use. Its relatively high price is another consideration.
Our Verdict: Best overall for owners of heavy electric bikes who want high weight capacity, convenient loading, and premium features.
2. Hollywood Racks Sport Rider — Best Value for Heavy Fat-Tire eBikes
Manufacturer-listed price: $529.99 | Weight capacity: 80 lbs per bike
The Hollywood Racks Sport Rider is an excellent choice for eBike owners seeking serious carrying capacity without the price of a luxury rack.
This heavy-duty hitch-mounted platform rack accommodates two electric bikes weighing up to 80 pounds each. Its oversized wheel holders support tires up to 5 inches wide, making it particularly useful for fat-tire electric bicycles.
Key Features:
- Carries two electric bikes weighing up to 80 pounds each.
- Supports tires up to 5 inches wide.
- Accommodates 20–32-inch wheels.
- Fits wheelbases between 36 and 60 inches.
- Includes locking frame hooks and a security cable.
- Folds against the vehicle and tilts for rear cargo access.
- Includes small-wheel adapters for 20-inch fat-tire bikes.
One particularly useful feature is the inclusion of adapters designed to prevent rear derailleur interference when transporting bicycles with 20-inch wheels.
The rack uses a 2-inch hitch receiver and has a manufacturer-listed rack weight of approximately 58 pounds.
Its main drawback is that the standard rack does not provide the same built-in ramp-loading convenience as models such as the Kuat Piston ION or Hollywood Destination E. Riders must also ensure the frame hooks can be positioned correctly without damaging bicycle components.
Our Verdict: One of the best affordable heavy-duty racks for transporting fat-tire electric bikes, especially 20-inch models.
3. 1UP USA Super Duty — Best for Durability and Modular Construction
Manufacturer-listed starting price: $675 | Weight capacity: Up to 100 lbs per tray, configuration-dependent
The 1UP USA Super Duty is designed for riders who prioritize rugged construction, long service life, and modular functionality.
Made primarily from corrosion-resistant aluminum, this rack has a distinctive wheel-only mounting design. It avoids clamping directly onto the bicycle frame, helping protect paintwork and sensitive components.
Key Features:
- Supports up to 100 pounds in designated tray positions.
- Accommodates tires up to 5 inches wide.
- Compatible with wheel sizes from 16 to 29 inches.
- Available in single- and double-bike configurations.
- Includes an integrated anti-wobble system.
- Optional V-Style loading ramp.
- Expandable with compatible add-ons.
A particularly important detail is that not every tray has a 100-pound rating. For example, the manufacturer's Super Duty Double configuration rates the first bike position at 100 pounds and the second at 75 pounds. Additional positions have lower limits.
This distinction matters when transporting two heavy electric bicycles.
The Super Duty is also attractive for riders who plan to keep their rack for many years. Replaceable components and modular accessories provide flexibility as their cycling needs change.
Our Verdict: Best for riders seeking a durable, configurable rack, especially when transporting one particularly heavy electric bike.
4. Hollywood Racks Destination E — Best for Easy Ramp Loading
Manufacturer-listed price: $749.99 | Weight capacity: 70 lbs per bike
The Hollywood Racks Destination E focuses on making electric bicycle transportation easier and more convenient.
Its standout feature is an included expandable aluminum loading ramp, which allows users to roll their bicycles onto the rack rather than lifting them.
Key Features:
- Carries two electric bikes weighing up to 70 pounds each.
- Supports tires up to 4.5 inches wide.
- Accommodates 20–32-inch wheels.
- Includes a 46-inch loading ramp.
- Features adjustable locking frame and seatpost clamps.
- Provides balanced tilting for rear vehicle access.
- Compatible with 2-inch hitch receivers.
Its adjustable attachment arms are particularly useful for bicycles with nontraditional frame designs.
The rack's balanced tilting mechanism helps users access the vehicle's cargo area even when bicycles are loaded.
There is one significant limitation: its 70-pound-per-bike rating is lower than that of the Sport Rider. Riders with very heavy eBikes should not assume that the included ramp makes it suitable for any bicycle.
Our Verdict: An excellent choice for riders who value easy loading and convenient everyday operation, provided their bikes stay within the weight limit.
5. Thule Epos 2 — Best for Unusual eBike Frame Designs
Manufacturer-listed price: $1,299.95 | Weight capacity: 75 lbs per bike, 140 lbs total
The Thule Epos 2 offers exceptional flexibility when carrying bicycles with unusual geometries.
Instead of relying on one fixed mounting position, it uses independent telescoping bike arms that can attach to suitable points on the frame or rear wheel.
This makes the Epos especially useful for step-through electric bikes, bicycles with integrated racks, and models with unconventional frame shapes.
Key Features:
- Maximum individual bike weight of 75 pounds.
- Total rack load capacity of 140 pounds.
- Flexible telescoping attachment arms.
- Supports 16–32-inch wheels.
- Accommodates tires up to 5 inches with optional XXL straps.
- Foldable design for convenient storage.
- Tilts for rear vehicle access.
- Optional loading ramp.
Its versatility is the main attraction. However, two bicycles weighing 75 pounds each would exceed its 140-pound total rating, even though each individually meets the per-bike limit.
The rack's relatively compact folded dimensions make it practical for owners with limited garage space.
Our Verdict: Best premium option for lighter-to-midweight eBikes with step-through or otherwise unconventional frame designs.
6. Yakima StageTwo — Best for Versatile SUV Use
Manufacturer-listed price: $949 | Weight capacity: 70 lbs per bike, 2-inch model
The Yakima StageTwo combines robust construction with adaptable bike positioning, making it a practical option for SUVs, crossovers, and trucks.
Its StadiumSeating design uses tiered, adjustable trays to reduce interference between the handlebars and saddles of neighboring bikes.
Key Features:
- Supports up to 70 pounds per bike in the standard 2-inch configuration.
- Fits tires up to 5 inches wide.
- Accommodates wheel sizes from 16 to 32 inches.
- Supports wheelbases from 30 to 52 inches.
- Uses wheel-mounted security hooks.
- Includes integrated locks.
- Compatible with Yakima's optional RampUp accessory.
- Tilts for rear cargo access.
The StageTwo is a particularly good choice for households that transport different types of bicycles.
Its adjustable trays help accommodate combinations such as a fat-tire eBike and a conventional mountain bike.
One limitation is that its weight rating varies by application. The manufacturer specifies a much lower 42-pound-per-bike rating for certain off-road applications, and the smaller hitch version has different restrictions.
Our Verdict: Best for SUV owners who transport several types of bikes and value adjustable positioning.
7. Kuat Piston Pro X — Best Luxury eBike Rack
Manufacturer-listed price: $1,589 | Weight capacity: 67 lbs per bike, 2-inch model
The Kuat Piston Pro X is one of the most feature-rich premium hitch racks available.
It uses hydro-pneumatic arms that open conveniently with Kuat's OneTap mechanism, helping simplify the process of securing bicycles.
Key Features:
- 67-pound capacity per bike with the 2-inch, two-bike configuration.
- 60-pound capacity per bike with the 1.25-inch configuration.
- Supports tires up to 4.8 inches wide for appropriate wheel sizes.
- Hydro-pneumatic arms secure bikes by their tires.
- Integrated auxiliary LED lights.
- Premium corrosion-resistant finish.
- Anti-wobble hitch mechanism.
- Compatible with selected accessories, including a loading ramp.
The integrated LED lighting is particularly appealing because bicycles carried behind a vehicle can sometimes obscure its rear lights.
However, despite its premium price, the Piston Pro X has a lower standard weight capacity than the Piston ION.
That makes it more suitable for lighter electric bicycles and high-end conventional bicycles than extremely heavy fat-tire eBikes.
Our Verdict: Best for riders who prioritize design, convenient operation, and premium features over maximum carrying capacity.
8. Yakima OnRamp — Best Ramp Rack for Lighter eBikes
Weight capacity: 66 lbs per bike
The Yakima OnRamp is designed specifically to simplify the process of loading electric bicycles.
Its integrated ramp makes it especially appealing for older riders or anyone who finds lifting bicycles difficult.
Key Features:
- Carries two bicycles weighing up to 66 pounds each.
- Integrated loading ramp.
- Adjustable frame attachment system.
- Standard configuration supports tires up to 3.25 inches wide.
- Available for 1.25-inch and 2-inch receiver configurations.
- Convenient hitch-mounted platform design.
The OnRamp provides many of the convenience features riders expect from more expensive electric bike carriers.
However, its 66-pound capacity limits its usefulness for heavier electric bicycles. Its standard tire-width support also makes it unsuitable for many 4-inch fat-tire models without additional consideration.
For riders who need greater capacity, the newer Yakima OnRamp LX is worth examining. Its 2-inch configuration supports up to 80 pounds per bike during approved road use and accommodates larger tires, including compatible 20-by-4.5-inch setups.
Our Verdict: The original OnRamp is a convenient choice for lighter eBikes, while the OnRamp LX is more appropriate for riders seeking higher carrying capacity.
9. RockyMounts BackStage Swing-Away — Best for Rear Vehicle Access
Manufacturer-listed price: $899.99 | Weight capacity: 60 lbs per bike
The RockyMounts BackStage offers a particularly useful feature for SUV, truck, and van owners: a swing-away mechanism that moves the entire rack to the side of the vehicle.
This allows users to access the rear cargo area without first unloading their bikes.
Key Features:
- Carries two bicycles weighing up to 60 pounds each.
- Swings approximately 180 degrees away from the vehicle.
- Secures bicycles using a wheel-contact mechanism.
- Includes integrated locking features.
- Compatible with 2-inch hitch receivers.
- Designed for convenient trunk and tailgate access.
This rack is especially useful during camping trips, outdoor adventures, or frequent stops requiring access to luggage and equipment.
However, the 60-pound-per-bike capacity makes it unsuitable for many heavier electric bikes.
It also has restrictions regarding bicycle fenders, so owners of commuter eBikes should verify compatibility.
Our Verdict: Best for drivers who prioritize unrestricted rear cargo access and own relatively lightweight electric bikes.
10. Thule EasyFold XT 2 — Best for Compact Storage
Manufacturer-listed price: $1,099.95 | Weight capacity: 65 lbs per bike
The Thule EasyFold XT 2 is designed for riders who need a rack that is easy to store, move, and operate.
Its fully foldable design, integrated transport wheels, and carrying handle make it especially attractive for apartment dwellers or drivers with limited storage space.
Key Features:
- Supports two bikes weighing up to 65 pounds each.
- Total capacity of 130 pounds.
- Includes an integrated folding loading ramp.
- Features detachable bicycle attachment arms.
- Folds compactly for storage.
- Supports tires up to 4.7 inches with optional XXL straps.
- Provides access to the vehicle's trunk with bicycles mounted.
One practical advantage is that users do not need to store a large, rigid rack permanently on the back of their vehicle.
The included loading ramp also helps riders avoid unnecessarily lifting heavy bicycles.
Its primary limitation is capacity. At 65 pounds per bike, it is not suitable for transporting the heaviest fat-tire electric bikes unless their actual transport weight can be reduced enough to comply with the manufacturer's rating.
Our Verdict: Best for riders who need a premium, easy-to-store rack for lighter electric bikes.
Which Bike Rack Is Best for a Himiway D5 2.0 20" eBike?
Himiway D5 2.0 20-inch Full Suspension eBike
The Himiway D5 2.0 20" is designed for riders seeking an electric bicycle that combines comfort, all-terrain capability, and long-distance performance.
Its compact 20-inch fat tires, full-suspension design, and 750W motor make it a versatile choice for recreational riding and outdoor adventures.
According to Himiway's published specifications, the D5 2.0 20" offers:
- 750W geared hub motor with 90 Nm torque.
- 20-by-4.0-inch fat tires.
- Full suspension with 90 mm front and 100 mm rear travel.
- Up to 70 miles of pedal-assist range under specified conditions.
- 440-pound rated bike payload capacity.
- Approximately 80-pound bicycle weight.
These features make the D5 2.0 20" appealing for exploring scenic trails, campgrounds, parks, and other recreational destinations.
However, the bicycle's approximate 80-pound weight means that selecting a compatible rack is especially important.
Recommended Rack Options for the Himiway D5 2.0 20"
1. Kuat Piston ION — Best Premium Choice
With its 100-pound-per-bike capacity, compatibility with 20-inch wheels and wide tires, and included ramp, the Piston ION is a particularly promising choice for the D5 2.0 20".
It offers more weight-capacity headroom than most standard electric bike racks. Owners should still verify wheelbase and fender clearance before purchasing.
2. Hollywood Racks Sport Rider — Best Budget-Friendly Choice
The Sport Rider supports 80 pounds per bicycle and tires up to 5 inches wide. Its included 20-inch wheel adapters are particularly relevant to the D5 2.0 20".
However, because the bicycle's published weight is approximately the same as the rack's maximum rating, there is no nominal weight headroom. Weigh the bike in its actual transport configuration, remove the battery when appropriate, and confirm the load remains within the limit.
3. 1UP USA Super Duty — Best for Durability
The Super Duty provides substantial carrying capacity in its higher-rated positions and accommodates tires up to 5 inches wide.
For a single D5 2.0 20", a 100-pound-rated position offers useful capacity. For two bikes, verify the exact weight rating of each position, because the double configuration's second position is rated at only 75 pounds.
Also confirm that the tire-holding arms work correctly with the bike's fenders.
4. Yakima OnRamp LX — Best Alternative With Ramp
The 2-inch OnRamp LX supports up to 80 pounds per bike during approved road use and provides an integrated loading ramp.
It accommodates compatible 20-inch fat-tire bicycles, making it worth considering for D5 owners who prioritize easier loading.
As with any rack rated exactly at the bike's nominal weight, the actual transport weight must be checked carefully.
Important Compatibility Consideration
The D5 2.0 20" has a 440-pound bicycle payload rating, but that is not the weight a car rack must carry. Rack compatibility depends on the weight of the bicycle itself, including any attached accessories, and the rack's approved carrying capacity.
For the greatest flexibility, a rack with a 100-pound-per-bike rating is preferable to a 60- or 70-pound model for a bike in this weight category.
How to Choose the Best Bike Rack for an Electric Bike
1. Check the Per-Bike Weight Capacity
The most important factor is whether the rack can safely hold your bicycle's actual weight.
Common rack ratings include 60, 65, 70, 80, and 100 pounds per bike.
For lighter commuter electric bikes, a 60–70-pound-rated rack may be sufficient. For larger fat-tire, cargo, or full-suspension eBikes, a rack rated for 80 pounds or more may be necessary.
Do not rely exclusively on a rack's total carrying capacity. A rack rated for 140 pounds total may still prohibit any individual bicycle weighing more than 70 pounds.
2. Verify Your Vehicle's Hitch Capacity
Not every car can safely carry a fully loaded heavy-duty hitch rack.
Check the following:
- Receiver size, typically 1.25 or 2 inches.
- Hitch tongue-weight rating.
- Vehicle manufacturer's permitted vertical load.
- Rack manufacturer's approved vehicle applications.
- Any restrictions involving hitch adapters or extensions.
For example, a 60-pound rack carrying two 80-pound eBikes would place approximately 220 pounds of static weight on the hitch before accounting for additional accessories.
The vehicle and hitch must be approved for that configuration. Do not assume a hitch's general towing rating establishes its compatibility with a heavy bike rack.
3. Choose a Platform Rack Instead of a Hanging Rack
For most heavy electric bicycles, a platform-style hitch rack is the more practical choice.
Platform racks support the bicycle at or near its wheels and generally offer better accommodation for heavy frames, oversized tires, and unusual geometries.
Traditional hanging racks are often designed for lighter conventional bicycles. They may not adequately support heavy electric bikes or provide suitable frame attachment points.
Roof racks can work for certain bicycles and vehicles, but loading an 80-pound eBike onto a car roof is often impractical and may exceed roof or rack limits.
For most riders, the low loading height of a hitch-mounted platform rack makes it the better option.
4. Check Fat-Tire Compatibility
Many electric bicycles use tires wider than those found on ordinary road bikes.
Typical tire widths include:
- 2.0–2.5 inches for many commuter models.
- 3.0 inches for selected hybrid and all-terrain bicycles.
- 4.0 inches for many fat-tire electric bikes.
- Up to 5.0 inches for certain oversized fat-tire designs.
A rack designed for 3-inch tires may not safely accommodate a 4-inch fat-tire eBike.
Some manufacturers offer optional wider wheel straps, but buyers should confirm that the wheel trays, straps, and attachment mechanisms are all compatible.
5. Consider a Loading Ramp
A loading ramp can make a major difference when transporting heavy electric bicycles.
Without a ramp, users may have to lift a 70–90-pound bicycle onto a platform behind their vehicle.
A ramp allows them to roll the bicycle into position.
This is particularly useful for seniors, riders with limited lifting strength, and people who frequently transport their bikes alone.
The Kuat Piston ION, Hollywood Destination E, and Yakima OnRamp LX include loading ramps, while some other racks offer compatible ramps as separate accessories.
6. Check Wheelbase and Wheel Diameter
Two electric bicycles with identical tire widths can have very different wheelbases.
Cargo eBikes, cruiser models, and long-frame commuter bicycles may exceed the wheelbase limits of some racks.
Likewise, a rack designed primarily for 26–29-inch wheels may not properly secure a compact bicycle with 20-inch wheels.
Before buying, verify the minimum and maximum supported wheelbase and wheel diameter.
7. Check Compatibility With Fenders and Step-Through Frames
Electric bicycles frequently include full-coverage fenders and unconventional frame designs.
Some wheel-clamping racks cannot be used with fenders, while others require special straps or contact accessories.
Similarly, frame-clamping racks must have a suitable attachment location that does not interfere with battery housings, cables, or fragile components.
Always follow the rack manufacturer's specific guidance instead of assuming universal compatibility.
How to Transport an Electric Bike Safely on a Car Rack
Even the best eBike rack requires correct loading and installation.
Before each trip:
- Remove the battery when appropriate. If your bicycle manufacturer allows it, removing the battery can reduce transport weight. Store the battery securely inside the vehicle and protect exposed electrical contacts.
- Remove loose accessories. Detach bags, removable displays, loose cargo, and other accessories that could fall off during travel.
- Inspect the rack connection. Confirm that the hitch pin, locking mechanism, and anti-wobble system are properly secured.
- Secure both wheels and all required attachment points. Follow the rack's instructions rather than improvising with straps.
- Check visibility. Ensure the bicycles do not improperly obscure vehicle lights or the license plate. Add approved lighting or plate accessories where necessary.
- Check clearance. Make sure the rack and bicycles will clear driveways, road obstacles, and the vehicle's rear bodywork.
- Recheck before and during a long trip. Inspect connections after initial driving and at appropriate stops.
Avoid using a bicycle cover unless the rack manufacturer explicitly permits it. Covers can produce additional aerodynamic forces during highway travel.
Also, never try to compensate for an overloaded rack by adding extra straps. The manufacturer's rated limits must always be respected.
Frequently Asked Questions About eBike Car Racks
What is the best type of bike rack for an eBike?
A heavy-duty hitch-mounted platform rack is generally the best choice. It provides a relatively low loading height, good stability, and configurations designed to support heavier electric bicycles.
Can you put an electric bike on a regular bike rack?
Yes, but only if the rack is explicitly rated for the bicycle's weight, dimensions, and mounting configuration.
Many standard racks are designed for lighter bicycles and are not suitable for large electric bikes.
What is the best bike rack for an 80-pound eBike?
The Kuat Piston ION and appropriately configured 1UP USA Super Duty are strong choices because they offer 100-pound-rated bike positions. The Hollywood Racks Sport Rider supports 80 pounds per bike but offers no weight margin for an eBike weighing exactly 80 pounds.
Can you carry two electric bikes on a car?
Yes. Many heavy-duty hitch racks are designed to transport two electric bicycles.
However, both the individual per-bike limits and the total rack capacity must be satisfied, and the vehicle and hitch must support the full loaded rack weight.
Do you need to remove the eBike battery when using a car rack?
Removing a detachable battery is often advisable if the bicycle manufacturer's instructions permit it.
Doing so reduces weight and helps protect the battery from exposure during transportation. Store the battery securely inside the vehicle.
What is the best bike rack for a fat-tire electric bike?
The Kuat Piston ION, Hollywood Racks Sport Rider, and 1UP USA Super Duty are strong options for fat-tire electric bicycles because their designs accommodate wide tires and relatively heavy bikes.
Are hitch bike racks better than roof racks for electric bikes?
For most heavy eBikes, yes. Hitch racks provide easier loading and avoid the challenge of lifting a heavy bicycle onto a vehicle's roof.
However, both solutions must be compatible with the specific bicycle and vehicle.
What is the best eBike rack for a car without a hitch?
A compatible hitch installation is often the most practical solution for transporting a heavy electric bicycle. If a hitch cannot be installed, explore other transportation arrangements approved for your vehicle and bicycle rather than using an under-rated trunk rack.
Are eBike racks safe for highway driving?
Yes, when the rack is approved for the vehicle and bikes, correctly installed, loaded within its ratings, and used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
